Confusional arousals are characterised by mental confusion or confused behaviour (e.g., disorientation, being unresponsive, impaired or slow speech, poor memory) during a partial arousal from deep sleep. There is partial or complete amnesia for the events. The experiences or behaviours are sufficiently severe to result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning or significant risk of injury to the individual or to others.