Drug-induced kidney hypersensitivity constitutes an important cause of acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease in present day clinical practice. Different classes of drugs, by virtue of immunological mechanisms, initiate specific inflammatory renal responses, which are manifested by different clinical patterns, such as drug-induced interstitial nephritis. The drug-induced kidney hypersensitivity can manifest alone or in combination with other drug-induced organ or system hypersensitivity disorders.